Volume 1 - 2011 - Issue 2


1. Important of secondary metabolites in the Xylariaceae as parameters for assessment of their taxonomy, phylogeny, and functional biodiversity

Authors: Stadler M

Recieved: 19 August 2011, Accepted: 22 August 2011, Published: 29 October 2011

This paper constitutes a synopsis of our polythetic studies of the Xylariaceae, which was originally compiled in the course of a Habilitation thesis. Based on several thousands of specimens and several hundreds of cultures, morphological studies of the teleomorphs and anamorphs of these fungi were combined with chemotaxonomic studies based on HPLC-DAD/MS profiling, as well as PCR fingerprinting and molecular phylogenetic analyses. Numerous novel pigments and other natural products, many of which were shown to have biological activities were also isolated and identified, and their production in the course of the life cycle of their producer organisms was followed by HPLC profiling and biological assays. Numerous new species and even new genera were recognised in the course of this work. Finally, secondary metabolite production in cultures of Xylariaceae was correlated with molecular data and the production of certain chemotaxonomic marker compounds was found to be strongly correlated with a phylogeny based on ITS nrDNA, demonstrating that secondary metabolite profiles are not only important species-specific characters but even have phylogenetic significance. The work on Xylariaceae is proposed as a model how interdisciplinary, international collaborations can help to increase our understanding of the phylogenetic and evolutionary relationships, as well as the biology of fungal organisms. Similar work on other groups of the Ascomycota and Basidiomycota would certainly be rewarding.

Keywords: chemosystematics – Xylariales – extrolites – metabolomics – bioprospecting

 

2. Coprophilous ascomycetes of northern Thailand

Authors: Mungai P, Hyde KD, Cai L, Njogu J, Chukeatirote K

Recieved: 10 March 2011, Accepted: 10 October 2011, Published: 29 October 2011

The distribution and occurrence of coprophilous ascomycetes on dung of Asiatic elephant, cattle, chicken, goat and water buffalo in Chiang Rai Province, northern Thailand was investigated between March and May, 2010. A moist chamber culture method was employed. Species from eleven genera in Sordariales, Pleosporales, Pezizales, Thelebolales and Microascales were identified. Some of the species examined are new records for Thailand. The most common species were Saccobolus citrinus, Sporormiella minima, Ascobolus immersus and Cercophora kalimpongensis. Most fungal species were found on cattle dung. Chicken dung, a rarely reported substrate for coprophilous fungi, had the least fungal species.

Keywords: Ascobolus – Cercophora – dung types – moist chamber – Saccobolus – Sporormiella – substrate

 

3. A review of genus Lepiota and its distribution in Asia

Authors: Sysouphanthong P, Hyde KD, Chukeatirote E, Vellinga EC.

Recieved: 10 October 2011, Accepted: 17 November 2011, Published: 31 December 2011

Lepiota is a large genus comprising saprobic species growing under trees on the forest floor or in grasslands and occurs as solitary or gregarious fruiting bodies; there is a high diversity of species in tropical and temperate regions. This study provides a review of the general characteristics and differences of Lepiota from related genera, presents the infrageneric classification, discusses phylogenetic studies, and its significance. Several sections of Lepiota are diverse and distributed in Asia, and a part of this review provides a preliminary list of Lepiota species in countries of east Asia.

Keywords: Asia – Agaricales – distribution – diversity – Lepiotaceous fungi.

 

About CREAM Journal

Current Research in Environmental & Applied Mycology (Journal of Fungal Biology) publishes reviews, research articles and methodology papers and articles in environmental and appied mycology. The official journal language is English.

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