Volume 5 - 2015 - Issue 2


1. First record of Brevilegnia longicaulis Johnson (Saprolegniales) in Brazil

Authors: Rocha JRS, Macêdo MAM

Recieved: 14 November 2014, Accepted: 27 February 2015, Published: 03 April 2015

During a survey of zoosporic organisms the authors found a species identified as Brevilegnia longicaulis Johnson. This is the first record of the species occurring in Brazil. In this article, we describe and illustrate B. longicaulis isolated from soil and water samples collected in the Mutum stream, municipality of Demerval Lobão, state of Piauí, Brazil.

Keywords: oomycota – Piauí, taxonomy – zoosporic organism

 

2. Diversity, distribution and ecology of the genus Polyporus south of Western Siberia (north Asia)

Authors: Vlasenko VA, Vlasenko AV

Recieved: 04 November 2014, Accepted: 03 March 2015, Published: 10 April 2015

Fourteen species of the genus Polyporus were identified based on the collection from lowland and mountain areas of south Western Siberia. The list of identified species are presented. Key to identification of fungi is given. Pictures of fruit bodies are given. The analysis of the substrate, habitat and zonal distribution was carried out. Substrate of fungi represented 13 species of angiosperms, 3 species of gymnosperms woody plants and steppe grasses. The largest number of species growing on willows, aspen and birch. Ten species were found in the plain area, 14 species were found in the mountain systems. Most diversity of species observed in the aspen-fir forests “Chernevaya taiga”.

Keywords: diversity – distribution – Polyporus – Siberia – north Asia – ecology

 

3. Assessment of fungicidal potential of lichen Heterodermia leucomelos (L.) Poelt against pathogenic fungi

Authors: Babiah PS, Upreti DK, John SA

Recieved: 02 February 2015, Accepted: 10 May 2015, Published: 22 May 2015

The present investigation focuses on the evaluation of fungicidal potential of a foliose lichen Heterodermia leucomelos (L.) Poelt against five strains of phytopathogenic fungi. Acetone, methanol and chloroform extracts of test lichen were screened against pathogens Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani, Colletotrichum falcatum by the Disc – Diffusion Assay. MIC values of the extracts were determined by Broth tube dilution method. Among the three solvents acetone and methanol exhibited highest activities. Mean diameter of zones of inhibition for acetone and methanol extracts ranged from 18.0±0.0 to 28.6±0.3 mg/ml and 12.3±0.6 to 24.6±1.2 mg/ml. respectively with MIC values ranging from 0.19 to 1.56 mg/ml. Tukey’s multiple comparison test provides significant differences (at p<0.05 and 0.01) in the activity of the extracts towards different phytopathogens. The results proved that the lichen holds high medicinal properties and can be a rich source of potential natural antimicrobial agents.

Keywords: Antifungal activity – disk Diffusion method – Heterodermia leucomelos (L.) Poelt – MIC – plant pathogenic fungi

 

4. Fungal diversity of twelve major vegetational zones of Arunachal Himalaya, India

Authors: Sharma D, Gosai K, Dutta J, Arunachalam A, Shukla AK

Recieved: 19 August 2014, Accepted: 18 April 2015, Published: 31 May 2015

Soil microfungal diversity was studied with the objective to investigate variations in fungal communities along 12 diverse vegetation zones located at different altitudinal gradients in Arunachal Pradesh and to check whether the environmental conditions have an effect on the soil fungal community. Ten soil samples were collected from 0-30cm depth in each forest type and their physico-chemical properties such as pH, temperature, bulk density and organic carbon content analyzed using standard techniques. Serial dilution methodology was used for the isolation of soil fungi in Rose Bengal agar media. A total of 112 fungal types under 59 genera and 88 species were recorded from the selected soils. Altitudinal gradient and bulk density was found to have a negative effect, while soil temperature and soil pH had positive effects on the soil fungal communities. Sub-tropical evergreen forests showed maximum fungal diversity followed by tropical evergreen forests. Overall, Oidiodendron followed by Acremonium, Cladosporium, Humicola, Aspergillus and Penicillium were found dominant fungal genera in majority of soil samples. Distribution of Beauveria, Blastomyces, Cercospora, Metarrhizium and Rhizomucor were limited to particular soil type. Altitudinal gradient together with associated vegetation and soil physico-chemical parameters determine soil fungal distribution.

Keywords: altitudinal gradient – soil fungi – forests – biodiversity – vegetation

 

5. Isolation and characterization of Trichoderma erinaceum for antagonistic activity against plant pathogenic fungi

Authors: Herath HHMAU, Wijesundera RLC, Chandrasekharan NV, Wijesundera WSS, Kathriarachchi HS

Recieved: 08 January 2015, Accepted: 18 May 2015, Published: 22 June 2015

Trichoderma is reported to be one of the most widely distributed soil fungi and the biocontrol potential of Trichoderma has been studied against a wide range of plant pathogenic fungi. In the present study T. erinaceum was screened for antifungal activity against seven selected plant pathogenic fungi and for chitinase and glucanase production. In antifungal assays highest mean percent inhibition was observed against the pathogenic fungus Rhizoctonia solani (72.66 % ±7.6). Molecular characterization of rDNA of ITS region was made for identification and it was identified as Trichoderma erinaceum.

Keywords: biocontrol – chitinase – glucanase – ITS

 

6. Psathyrella (Psathyrellaceae, Agaricales) species collected on dung from Punjab, India

Authors: Amandeep K, Atri NS, Munruchi K

Recieved: 22 December 2014, Accepted: 18 April 2015, Published: 29 June 2015

This paper gives an account of five Psathyrella species from Punjab state in India along with key for their identification. The collections of the identified taxa were obtained from a variety of coprophilous habitats having different herbivorous dung types. These belong to Psathyrella kauffmanii var. kauffmanii, P. vanhermanii, P. fimicola, P. sphaerocystis and P. flocculosa. For all the taxa, dung types on which they were found growing are mentioned. Psathyrella kauffmanii var. kauffmanii, P. vanhermanii, P. sphaerocystis and P. flocculosa are new fungus records for India. The taxonomy of all these 04 new records is discussed along with the drawings of morphological and anatomical features and their distinctive characters are described and compared with similar taxa.

Keywords: Basidiomycota – diversity – dung – spore bleaching – systematics – taxonomy

 

7. A new generic record of Boletaceae for Indian mycobiota

Authors: Chakraborty D, Das K

Recieved: 26 March 2015, Accepted: 30 May 2015, Published: 30 June 2015

One genus of tubulose fleshy mushrooms belonging to the family Boletaceae, i.e., Rugiboletus is reported for the first time from Sikkim (India) with its macro- and micromorphological descriptions, distribution and supporting illustrations.

Keywords: Abies – Boletales – macrofungi – Picea – Rugiboletus – Sikkim – taxonomy

 

8. A new Gyalidea species (Ascomycota: Solorinellaceae) from India

Authors: Gupta P, Sinha GP

Recieved: 26 March 2015, Accepted: 06 June 2015, Published: 30 June 2015

Gyalidea corticola sp. nov. (Solorinellaceae) is described as a new species from India. The species is characterized by its pale brownish apothecia, submuriform ascospores and habitat preference.

Keywords: lichen – Ostropales – Sikkim – taxonomy

 

9. First finding of Kelleromyxa fimicola in the Republic of Buryatia (Eastern Siberia)

Authors: Vlasenko AV, Dulepova NA

Recieved: 19 January 2015, Accepted: 05 May 2015, Published: 30 June 2015

For the first time in Eastern Siberia the research has revealed a rare species of coprophilous myxomycetes – Kelleromyxa fimicola. Specimens were obtained from horse dung in a moist chamber culture.

Keywords: myxomycetes – moist chamber culture – dung – microorganisms

 

10. Ecological niche modeling of some Costa Rican myxomycetes

Authors: Rojas C, Zúñiga JM, Stephenson SL

Recieved: 29 March 2015, Accepted: 18 June 2015, Published: 30 June 2015

Ecological niche modeling has not been used extensively in studies of myxomycetes but can provide important information for research efforts to develop a better understanding of the ecology of these organisms. With a dataset of myxomycete records for the five most commonly recorded species in Costa Rica, a series of probability distribution models was generated using the maximum entropy technique. The latter was carried out with the objective of evaluating the usefulness of such protocols to provide feedback for future research. Models showed Arcyria cinerea and Didymium iridis to have wider but more moderate probability distributions in comparison with Physarum compressum, Didymium squamulosum and Hemitrichia calyculata. Elevation was the variable that contributed the most to all ecological niche models, but a greater number of studies have been carried out in Costa Rica at high elevations. As such, it seems that the models showed the need for low elevation systematic surveys more realistically than providing a representation of the niche and distribution for the species being considered. However, this study does serves as baseline for future assessments of myxomycete distribution patterns in the framework of climate change.

Keywords: biodiversity informatics – biogeography – Central America – distribution – myxogastrids

 

About CREAM Journal

Current Research in Environmental & Applied Mycology (Journal of Fungal Biology) publishes reviews, research articles and methodology papers and articles in environmental and appied mycology. The official journal language is English.

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